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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people discover that medications aid in managing anxiety. However they're not the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments. Certain antidepressants can treat anxiety, as well as SSRIs such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, such as histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also offer relief. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants are among the most commonly prescribed medications, come in many different types. The type of medication your doctor prescribes depends on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you suffer from, and your the treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by altering the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. The drugs increase the quantity of neurotransmitters in your brain, which improves your mood and anxiety. It can take up to several weeks before antidepressants start working and you should be patient. Benzodiazepines are a different option that your doctor may recommend to treat anxiety and depression. These are very fast-acting medications and are utilized as a short-term remedy to ease the immediate symptoms of depression and anxiety. Examples of benzodiazepines are alprazolam and lorazepam. They block the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones that are involved in the body's fight or flee response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a more traditional kind of antidepressant that is also effective in treating anxiety and depression. They are typically prescribed to those who haven't responded to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes in order to avoid hypertensive interactions caused by the amino acid tyramine. Tell your doctor if you are taking an antidepressant on prescription. This includes supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower the dosage if other medications affect the way antidepressants work, or if there are adverse effects. If you suspect you're having thoughts of suicide, get assistance immediately by a health professional. You may have different signs of depression and anxiety or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. People who have comorbid depression and anxiety have a less favorable medical prognosis than those who have either disorder alone. Certain psychiatric medications have been found to be especially helpful in treating both disorders in people who suffer from depression and anxiety comorbidly. Benzodiazepines Anxiety-related symptoms can be alleviated by drugs known as benzodiazepines, including alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors, which are protein molecules comprised of five transmembrane subunits which shape a benzyl chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess an area that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines inhibit nerve activity by increasing GABA-A levels. Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset, however, they also carry a high risk of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants, as well as anticonvulsants and buspirone, have a slower onset of action, however they are still better for long-term use because they do not cause tolerance or addiction. Depression and anxiety disorders are often co-occurring, and antidepressants may help reduce depressive symptoms that are associated with anxiety. Many people with depression have an amalgamation of depressive and anxious symptoms. They will need to combine medication with talk therapy in order to manage their symptoms. In these instances, benzodiazepines may be used for a short time to manage anxiety or depression symptoms while other medications take effect. Typically, these drugs are prescribed for only a few weeks at a stretch and are not used on a daily basis. If you take benzodiazepines for long periods of time may cause withdrawal symptoms, like shaking and sleeplessness, so these medications are only to be used according to the prescription of your physician. Inform your doctor if you have had any issues with substance abuse, dependence or mental health. Your doctor can discuss possible side effects and recommend other treatments for depression, if needed. If you've never taken benzodiazepines in the past or are taking them in excess they could cause serious and sometimes fatal side effects. If you are nursing, pregnant or have a history of liver disease or digestive or respiratory disorders your doctor may suggest lower doses or restrict the time you are treated with these drugs. Alcohol can interact negatively with benzodiazepines and increase the risk of side effects and dependence. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medicine that can aid in the control of anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than benzodiazepines such as Xanax, and they work by blocking receptors that adrenaline binds to. They also reduce brain and nervous system activity. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines which are more prone to the risk of dependence and addiction. Beta blockers are frequently prescribed for heart conditions and are effective in treating anxiety since they lower blood pressure and slow the heart rate. They aren't FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are an excellent alternative when other antianxiety medications do not work or cause unacceptable adverse side negative effects. They are especially effective in cases of social and performance anxiety, where physical symptoms can occur when an event triggers anxiety. They can also be used in combination with other treatment modalities for example, CBT or SSRIs. They are especially useful as an adjunct therapy for people with GAD. GAD is characterized by constant and recurring anxiety that can hinder everyday activities. They can also help manage physical symptoms of anxiety such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. While beta-blockers can help to reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, they cannot address the underlying psychological issues that contribute to the condition. They are best used as a supplement to other treatments like benzodiazepines and SSRIs. It is essential to discuss your medical history and other health issues with your doctor prior to taking beta-blockers. These drugs are linked to decreased psychiatric admissions and suicidal behavior, but the results may differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnosis and past psychiatric histories. Additionally, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. Certain natural products have the same properties as beta-blockers, but are not as efficient. These include antioxidants, garlic saffron and potassium. These natural products are not entirely comprehended. Some of these supplements may cause serious adverse side adverse effects, therefore it is best to consult a physician before taking these supplements. generalized anxiety disorder Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) function by altering the way that your brain functions. They inhibit the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase, which breaks down the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin, which allow brain cells to communicate with one and each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This enhances brain cell communication and elevates your mood. These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorders. This includes anxiety as well as mixed depression and anxiety states. However, they are not as effective in pure anxiety states and may not help with panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their ability to boost serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine levels within the brain. These neurotransmitters, produced naturally in the body, are released into bloodstreams where they travel to nerves cells and serve as messengers. Iproniazid was the first antidepressant to be discovered in 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid, which have been used for a long time to combat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can cause serious withdrawal symptoms if suddenly stopped. They can also trigger dangerous interactions with food and drugs. A newer MAOI known as a selective, irreversible MAOA-A inhibitor is being investigated to determine its effectiveness in treating depression that is not responding to treatment. It is not recommended for treatment of bipolar disorder since it may trigger manic symptoms. Another MAOI that is newer, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being investigated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidese but does not affect other enzymes that break down levodopa, the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These medications may be used in conjunction with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs can trigger a reaction that causes hyper-reflexia and neuromuscular excitability. This can manifest as a twitching of the muscles or eyelid twitching. These reactions could be more common when the drugs are consumed in conjunction with certain foods such as aged cheeses or cured meats.